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Meet the people trying to help. It enhances its most precious assets and attracts an increasing number of visitors. Since its designation as a world heritage site, tourists have been coming in ever greater numbers. They discover shops, hotels and restaurants and enjoy strolling around in the European ambiance of the oldest neighbourhood on the North American continent north of Mexico.
Rather than demolishing the fortifications in the name of progress, as some people were prepared to do, Dufferin planned to showcase them and make them an attraction, turning them into an asset for Quebec City.
The historic heart of Quebec City has long attracted the attention of connoisseurs. In fact, the Lower and Upper Town experienced a decline as people moved to the new areas, particularly Saint-Roch.
The overall population increase in a year period, to , was only Besides experiencing unfavourable economic conditions, the old city lacked residential space. Only with the amalgamation of small outlying municipalities did its population begin to grow at the beginning of the 20th century.
In the early s, this growth again slowed, partly as a result of stabilization of growth in the province overall. According to the census, the population of the city itself was , In the early 19th century this changed with the influx of British immigrants. By , the percentage of non-francophones had fallen to According to the census, people citing Canadian ethnic origins make up the largest ethnic group, at Visible minorities account for 6.
Montreal rapidly acquired a dominant position in the second half of the 19th century in trade and finance, transportation and industry. Efforts were also made to have the two shores of the river connected by a bridge. The bridge actually helped promote the circulation of products to ports farther east. A second bridge, the Pierre-Laporte, was built in It is a suspension bridge, located a few hundred metres from the earlier one. In the middle of the 19th century, the city went through an industrial revolution , particularly in the footwear industry , which gradually became the largest source of employment for the region.
However, the city was unable to maintain growth in its manufacturing sector, and the footwear industry declined in the s. These industries included shipbuilding , breweries , corsetry, tobacco products , munitions, and pulp and paper. The city benefits from its status as the provincial capital and the regional administrative and services centre. It also attracts an increasing number of tourists.
From to , and from to , the city was administered by a commission of justices of the peace appointed by the governor and composed largely of landowners, French Canadian professionals and British merchants.
The commission was responsible for ensuring that the orders of the legislature of Lower Canada were respected. This lasted until A second was issued in These charters established an elected municipal council with the power to adopt regulations in their area of jurisdiction.
From to , and to , the mayor was elected by the reeves and councillors, and then directly by citizens property owners and tenants by secret ballot from to and after Furthermore, the number of reeves, councillors and districts changed on many occasions as a result of annexations, in particular those of Saint-Sauveur , Saint-Malo , Limoilou , Montcalm , Notre-Dame-des-Anges , Les Saules , Duberger , Neufchatel and Charlesbourg Ouest So much so, in fact, that with the exception of a few businessmen prior to , most of the city's mayors have also been involved in political careers at higher levels before, after and even during their mandates.
The city remains a major centre of French culture and the seat of the only francophone government in North America. This situation often produced acrimony within the ranks of the clergy and in provincial political circles. It contains collections of ancient and modern works and is part of a large urban park, the Plains of Abraham, or Parc des Champs-de-Bataille , which commemorates the battle leading to the fall of the city in and ultimately of New France to the British army a year later see Battle of the Plains of Abraham.
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