Measure ad performance. Select basic ads. Create a personalised ads profile. Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights. Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Share Flipboard Email. Martin Kelly. History Expert. Martin Kelly, M. Updated October 27, Featured Video. Cite this Article Format.
Kelly, Martin. Bacon's Rebellion. History and Founding of Virginia Colony. The Whiskey Rebellion: History and Significance. Queen Anne's War: Raid on Deerfield. Bacon also issued his oath which required the swearer to promise his loyalty to Bacon in any manner necessary i. Even this tight rein could not keep the tide from changing again.
Bacon's fleet was first and finally secretly infiltrated by Berkeley's men and finally captured. This was to be the turning point in the conflict, because Berkeley was once again strong enough to retake Jamestown. Bacon then followed his sinking fortunes to Jamestown and saw it heavily fortified. He made several attempts at a siege, during which he kidnapped the wives of several of Berkeley's biggest supporters, including Mrs.
Nathaniel Bacon Sr. Infuriated, Bacon burned Jamestown to the ground on September 19, He did save many valuable records in the statehouse. By now his luck had clearly run out with this extreme measure and he began to have trouble controlling his men's conduct as well as keeping his popular support. Few people responded to Bacon's appeal to capture Berkeley who had since returned to the Eastern Shore for safety reasons. It is possible his soldiers burned his contaminated body because it was never found.
His death inspired this little ditty; Bacon is Dead I am sorry at my hart That lice and flux should take the hangman's part". Shortly after Bacon's death, Berkeley regained complete control and hanged the major leaders of the rebellion.
He also seized rebel property without the benefit of a trial. All in all, twenty-three persons were hanged for their part in the rebellion.
Later after an investigating committee from England issued its report to King Charles II, Berkeley was relieved of the Governorship and returned to England where he died in July Thus ended one of the most unusual and complicated chapters in Jamestown's history. Could it have been prevented or was it time for inevitable changes to take place in the colonial governmental structure? Obviously, the laws were no longer effective as far as establishing clear policies to deal with problems or to instill new lifeblood into the colony's economy.
The numerous problems that hit the colony before the Rebellion gave rise to the character of Nathaniel Bacon. Due to the nature of the uprising, Bacon's Rebellion does seem at first glance to be the beginnings of America's quest for Independence. But closer examination of the facts reveals what it really was: a power struggle between two very strong personalities. Between them they almost destroyed Jamestown.
Neville, John Davenport. Bacon's Rebellion. Abstracts of Materials in the Colonial Records Project. Jamestown: Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation. Washburn, Wilcomb E. The Governor and the Rebel. Webb, Stephen Saunders.
New York: Alfred A. Knope, Box Yorktown , VA Explore This Park. Info Alerts Maps Calendar Reserve. Alerts In Effect Dismiss. Dismiss View all alerts. Pen and Ink drawing of Bacon's troops about to burn Jamestown Drawing by Rita Honeycutt Bacon's Rebellion was probably one of the most confusing yet intriguing chapters in Jamestown's history.
The governor eventually kicked him out of the assembly. Humiliated and furious, Bacon gathered his troops. A few weeks later, he marched toward Jamestown with supporters and another demand to lead the colony into war against the Native Americans. Instead, Bacon retreated and began traveling throughout Virginia, recruiting other disgruntled rebels. He accused Berkeley of trying to force the colonists into a civil war—while fomenting one of his own. Bacon and his men began conducting their own raids around the colony, attacking friendly tribes like the Pamunkey people, and gathering more supporters as they went.
Among the mob were black and white indentured servants. In September, matters came to a head. Governor Berkeley had been traveling throughout Virginia to recruit supporters of his own, and returned to Jamestown to issue a final proclamation condemning Bacon.
In response, Bacon and his men rushed into Jamestown, burning and pillaging as they went. On the night of September 19, they torched the entire town, burning it to the ground. Finally, the Crown intervened. Without their leader, the rebels floundered.
Berkeley, assisted by an English naval squadron, soon defeated the remainder of the rebels, and Berkeley returned to Jamestown. There, he exacted his final revenge against Bacon. The old governor's one desire was to clear himself with the king.
There was no opportunity. They enact laws which say that people of African descent are hereditary slaves.
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