This cycle can only be broken by achieving enlightenment. For Buddhists, enlightenment is referred to as attaining nirvana , while for Hindus this is referred to as moksha , or becoming one with Brahman, the supreme god. The concept of enlightenment is similar in the two religions, but they differ on the path towards achieving it.
Karma is the concept that any action or thought will directly result in a fitting consequence in the present or future life state. To put it plainly, if someone does bad things in this life, that person might be reborn in a less desirable state in the next life. Similarly, when good things happen to someone, karma states that it may be due to good deeds in a past life. However, the idea of karma for Hindus and Buddhists is slightly different.
Hindus see karma as fitting behavior according to the role of the person, often this includes religious rituals, while Buddhists see it as correct intent and ethical actions. Dharma is a difficult word to translate and it vaguely means natural law, duty, moral order, right conduct, or role in the universe. This concept is central to both Hinduism and Buddhism, but the interpretations in the two religions are different. In Hinduism, it is tied closely with the duty of a person, or how a person is supposed to conduct oneself according to their caste.
In Buddhism, it often refers to the teachings of Buddha. Apart from similar concepts, there are similar symbols that occur in both Hinduism and Buddhism, including mudra and dharmachakra. Mudra is a system of symbolic hand gestures with meanings, often used during meditation. Buddha is often portrayed using these hand gestures in statues or paintings. Mudra is commonly practiced in both Hinduism and Buddhism but the positions, meanings, and uses are different.
It is also called the Wheel of Law. The number of spokes varies, but eight is most common , representing the Eightfold Path teaching for Buddhists. Dharmachakra commonly appears on Hindu temple walls as well, particularly in temples of the sun god, Surya. On the surface, you may notice that Hindus and Buddhists share a few common practices such as meditation and the use of mantras. A mantra is the utterance of syllables or words in a melodic way, which is believed to have spiritual power and can bring the person to a higher spiritual awareness.
Hindus use mantras during rituals while worshiping gods. They also use it while praying. In Buddhism, mantra is more used as a meditation exercise to help the mind focus on certain things and let go of attachments. Another shared practice between Hinduism and Buddhism is meditation.
But again, the two religions have different perspectives on how to go about it and why you should practice it. Buddhists see meditation as a means of self-edification and attaining nirvana, while Hindus have varying purposes for meditation including physical, mental, and spiritual enhancement. Both religions also have an inclination towards vegetarianism.
While becoming vegetarian is not mandatory, it is highly encouraged in both Hinduism and Buddhism as an expression of non-violence. Clearly, there are overlapping concepts and practices between these two religions, but while there are clear similarities there are even more differences.
One of the most fundamental differences between Buddhism and Hinduism is their view on the existence of god. Hindus worship numerous deities. Even though there are many gods in Hinduism, they are believed to all come from Brahman, the universal soul.
Hindus recognize that there is an individual soul inside each person, called an atman. Some Hindus believe that the atman and Brahman are ultimately the same, an idea that resonates with pantheism.
All the "castes" were supposed to be equal and treated with respect. And even then one could move between castes if they were dissatisfied with their position in society. However, this was allowed only if they behaved or followed the teachings of the caste they wished to become since birth or childhood. This, too was convoluted and changed by Buddha's time. Even the animal sacrifices never existed originally nor mentioned in the Rig Veda.
As such it can be said Buddhism developed and was influenced by the original Vedas. Only reason Brahmins couldn't be killed was because back then each Brahmin specialized in a various school of Hinduism but because it was an oral tradition till alter on, if that Brahmin died without any successors than that entire school would be lost to history because only they knew how to understand it because the teaching was passed down to them since generations ago.
Why do you think so many schools of Hinduism were lost? Only one school of Rig Veda for example remains because invaders killed off many priests who practiced those schools, besides they couldn't own land and were only supposed to pray in temples.
By the way yogic sages or true Hindu sages have to spend hours meditating; the yoga is not just postures. At the same time it was meant as a way to improve the function of your body. Plus did you know their are schools of Hinduism that do not devote time to worship one god and believe only a universal god or energy existed.
In fact the Vedic stories were there simply to explain how energy worked and its various forms. As such in Hinduism you can worship impersonal god or on your own do practices to achieve enlightenment. As such no contradiction. Buddhism simply contradicts some forms of Hinduism and some Hindu schools. Or shall I say most? The Hindu concept of Dharma originally also was to explain how the universe works so no real contradiction their either. In Hinduism no constant soul was mentioned at least originally.
All that existed was a soul that would become part of energy when it died and then form the energy another version of that soul would be born again but both souls are not the same. But they could be argued as the same since both souls are created from energy and will gain become part of energy. Since the Vedas were supposed to be scientific not religious they said thousands of years before modern science that all hings come from energy and when they die they become part of energy once more.
Therefore the supreme being is not an actual supreme being but simply energy. Simply put the Vedas are not to be interpreted literally but concept wise. As such from what I see basically Buddhism is Hinduism as it was originally taught by the very first yogis with minor differences such as no Pujas. Lovin and Frank E. Reynolds, — Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Reynolds investigates the ethical implications of different ways of conceptualizing the universe within Buddhism, looking at cause-and-effect, the decline of particular world-systems, soteriology, and the anticipation of the future Buddha Metteya Maitreya.
Sadakata, Akira. Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins. Perhaps the best easily available work on the subject. Sadakata treats many complex subjects with clarity, assisted by helpful charts and images that illustrate visually the concepts under discussion.
Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, This translation, with introductory comments, introduces part of the work of a 19th-century Tibetan lama. While itself a sectarian work, it is highly useful in illustrating Tibetan understandings of cosmology derived from various sources operative in Tibet, from early Buddhist commentary to tantric systems.
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